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Excepting emergency branch removal, pruning (and particularly extensive pruning) should always take place during late autumn or winter. Like all living things, trees are susceptible to stresses caused by physical damage. During the colder months, however, trees are mostly dormant, making them less vulnerable to sap loss and growth stress. Additionally, since insects are also mostly dormant during the winter, they will be less likely to cause further damage to newly pruned areas. You should keep in mind that the best time and method of pruning can differ from species to species. When in doubt, feel free to contact a certified arborist to get an expert opinion on timing, approach, and any safety concerns.

Since trees are susceptible to stress from pruning, it is also important that you make sure not to cut back too much at one time. In general, you should try to prune as minimally as possible, and never take more than about a quarter off the crown of the tree. As well as being a locus of new growth, the crown is the primary energy source for most types of tree, making it risky to prune too much too quickly.

Responsible pruning can also be a good way to manage the growth and ultimate configuration of your trees. In addition to avoiding conflict with power lines, buildings, walkways, and drives, careful trimming can actually improve the tree's overall structural integrity. By removing extraneous, awkward, or damaged limbs, you can also prevent future issues with falling branches and poor weight distribution. Proper pruning can also keep backyard trees looking their best, promoting even growth and improved aesthetics.

While smaller trees may not pose much of a problem, you should always keep in mind that large trees are best left to the pruning professionals. In addition to having the right tools for the job, these trained technicians will be able to get the work done quickly, safely, and without undue damage to the tree itself.